{"id":8980,"date":"2020-12-21T11:24:31","date_gmt":"2020-12-21T19:24:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/electratherm-us.com\/?page_id=8980"},"modified":"2025-05-13T16:05:14","modified_gmt":"2025-05-13T20:05:14","slug":"organic-rankine-cycle-basics","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/electratherm.com\/it\/organic-rankine-cycle-basics\/","title":{"rendered":"Nozioni di base del ciclo Rankine organico"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_large width_full with_img parallax_hor bgwidth_110\"><div class=\"l-section-img\" role=\"img\" data-img-width=\"1024\" data-img-height=\"683\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/electratherm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/twinscrews1-1024x683-1.jpg);background-repeat: no-repeat;\"><\/div><div class=\"l-section-overlay\" style=\"background:rgba(0,0,0,0.75)\"><\/div><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_flex valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"w-separator size_custom\" style=\"height:70\"><\/div><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_6df4bc3a has_text_color\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC)<br \/>\n<\/strong> Basics<\/h1>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-separator size_custom\" style=\"height:70\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row us_custom_f1ff9891 height_medium\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_flex valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"g-cols wpb_row via_flex valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-6 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2 style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #3aaa35;\">Organic Rankine Cycle<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The Rankine cycle is a thermodynamic cycle widely used by power plants to convert water into steam, then expanding that steam through a turbine to produce mechanical work. The Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is a refinement of this technology, using an organic working fluid in place of water. This working fluid, in our case Pentafluoropropane, has a boiling point less than that of water in order to utilize lower temperature heat sources when compared to larger Rankine cycles.<\/p>\n<p>ElectraTherm uses an ORC with proprietary technologies to generate up to 125 kW (with a 250 kW unit in development) of clean electricity from heat sources as low as 70\u00b0C. These lower ranges open up opportunities across industries that previously lacked sufficient heat for power generation. Operators take advantage of their excess heat to generate sustainable power &#8211; increasing efficiency, reducing energy\/fuel costs, and decreasing their carbon footprint.<\/p>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_col-sm-6 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"w-separator size_large\"><\/div><div class=\"w-video align_center ratio_16x9 has_iframe\"><div class=\"w-video-h\"><iframe title=\"Youtube video player\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/vbTyEKsuMcM?autoplay=0&controls=1&origin=https:\/\/electratherm.com\/it&loop=0&mute=0\" allowfullscreen=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/iframe><\/div><div class=\"w-video-icon\" style=\"font-size:1.5rem;background:rgba(0,0,0,0.5);color:#fff\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"g-cols wpb_row via_flex valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-6 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h3 style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #3aaa35;\">Our Technology<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>The centerpiece of ElectraTherm&#8217;s ORC systems is a specially-designed twin-screw expander from parent company, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bitzer.de\/us\/us\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">BITZER<\/a>. The implementation of this technology represents a dramatic shift from previous ORC technologies utilizing radial or axial turbines &#8211; providing a more cost efficient, robust design that greatly enhances reliability.<\/p>\n<p>Since our systems are using an expander with lower temperature heat, there is less pressure on the pump and lower operating speeds compared to turbine technologies &#8211; leading to easier operation and less maintenance. The expander also tolerates &#8220;wet&#8221; dual-phase flow, allowing it to reliably generate power while accepting variations in both temperature and flow while allowing for a turbine&#8217;s worst fear &#8211; moisture.<\/p>\n<p>ElectraTherm&#8217;s ORC systems are flexible and scalable &#8211; which means easy integration and the ability to scale from 75 &#8211; 125 kilowatt (or less) to multi-megawatt applications.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/electratherm.com\/it\/smart-power-orc-technology-leads-industry\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Read more about the SMART POWER difference here.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_col-sm-6 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h3 style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #3aaa35;\">Our Process<\/span><\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>Working fluid is pumped to a higher pressure and transferred to the preheater.<\/li>\n<li>The temperature of the working fluid is increased in the preheater and sent to the evaporator.<\/li>\n<li>Heat captured by the evaporator boils the working fluid into a high pressurized vapor.<\/li>\n<li>Vapor flows through the twin-screw expander, spinning an electric generator to produce power.<\/li>\n<li>The vapor is cooled and condensed back into a liquid and the cycle repeats.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row us_custom_f1ff9891 height_medium\"><div class=\"l-section-overlay\" style=\"background:var(--color-content-primary)\"><\/div><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_flex valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"g-cols wpb_row us_custom_8b3d6790 has_text_color via_flex valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">ORC Heat Recovery Benefits<\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Though applications may not be 100% clean energy, ORC power generation in itself is a 100% clean solution with no emissions or harmful byproducts &#8211; hot water is the fuel. Compared to other renewable energy sources, the leveled cost of electricity is extremely low, making it a great value for organizations looking to improve their bottom line while achieving sustainability milestones.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-separator size_medium\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"g-cols wpb_row us_custom_8b3d6790 has_text_color via_flex valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-4 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"w-separator us_custom_8b3d6790 has_text_color size_small with_line width_default thick_1 style_solid color_border align_center with_text with_content\"><div class=\"w-separator-h\"><h6 class=\"w-separator-text\"><span>Increase Efficiency<\/span><\/h6><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">By utilizing excess heat to generate electricity, energy efficiency is significantly improved &#8211; <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff; text-decoration: underline;\"><a style=\"color: #ffffff; text-decoration: underline;\" href=\"http:\/\/electratherm-us.com\/orc-increases-efficiency-by-ten-percent\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">up to 10% in some applications<\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>&#8211; and the cooling load is offset 70-100%. This amounts to a substantial reduction in the consumption of fossil fuels, their related emissions, and operating costs.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_col-sm-4 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"w-separator us_custom_8b3d6790 has_text_color size_small with_line width_default thick_1 style_solid color_border align_center with_text with_content\"><div class=\"w-separator-h\"><h6 class=\"w-separator-text\"><span>Environmental Incentives<\/span><\/h6><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">Our operators frequently benefit from a range environmental incentives promoting efficiency, clean energy, renewable heat, and more. Depending on where the ORC system is commissioned, you may qualify for attractive kickbacks. For applicable projects this can significantly improve the economics.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/electratherm-us.com\/new-national-incentive-for-waste-heat-to-power\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff; text-decoration: underline;\">The U.S. is currently offering a 26% tax credit for applicable waste heat recovery projects, click here for more info.<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_col-sm-4 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"w-separator us_custom_8b3d6790 has_text_color size_small with_line width_default thick_1 style_solid color_border align_center with_text with_content\"><div class=\"w-separator-h\"><h6 class=\"w-separator-text\"><span>Promotes ESG<\/span><\/h6><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">Innovative technologies &#8211; such as <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff; text-decoration: underline;\"><a style=\"color: #ffffff; text-decoration: underline;\" href=\"http:\/\/electratherm-us.com\/power-generator\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">heat to power<\/a><\/span> <\/span>e <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><a style=\"color: #ffffff; text-decoration: underline;\" href=\"http:\/\/electratherm-us.com\/what-is-cooling-to-power\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">net-zero cooling to power<\/a><\/span><\/span> &#8211; that improve operations as well as the environment are the perfect addition to any business. With the world eyeing ways to achieve carbon net-neutrality, organizations that take steps to achieve that goal will distinguish themselves from their competition.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><a style=\"color: #ffffff;\" href=\"http:\/\/electratherm-us.com\/waste-heat-recoverys-role-in-esg-strategy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Read more on ESG, here.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row us_custom_f1ff9891 height_medium\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_flex valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"g-cols wpb_row via_flex valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2><span style=\"color: #3aaa35;\">Heat Sources<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>Applicable fluid heat sources are between 70\u00b0C and 150\u00b0C.<br \/>\nGaseous heat sources above 150\u00b0C can also be used with the deployment of a secondary heat exchange loop.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Our low-temperature ORC solutions use hot water as fuel in order to generate up to 125 kWe of clean electricity, at no additional cost to the operator. That water can get to us any number of ways, as long as we have enough of it and at a high enough temperature. Power output is directly correlated to the flow rate and source temperature, however an application can get away with a lower flow rate if the water is a high enough temperature.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h3><span style=\"color: #3aaa35;\">Common Applications<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"color: #3aaa35;\">\/\/<\/span> Water used for cooling circuits (engines and compressors)<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #3aaa35;\">\/\/<\/span> Micro-geothermal sources (brine, co-produced fluids)<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #3aaa35;\">\/\/<\/span> Industrial waste heat such as hot gases from kilns, furnaces, etc.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #3aaa35;\">\/\/<\/span> Exhaust and flue gases (requires additional heat exchanger)<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #3aaa35;\">\/\/<\/span> Thermal oil or other high-temperature sources (requires additional heat exchanger)<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #3aaa35;\">\/\/<\/span> Boiler systems such as found in anaerobic digestion and biomass processes<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #3aaa35;\">\/\/\u00a0<\/span>Net-zero cooling to power (power-generating radiator alternative)<\/p>\n<p>Any application that deals with heat that can be transferred to a fluid can integrate ElectraTherm&#8217;s solutions for ORC power generation. For detailed specifications, references, or general information &#8211; please reach out to one of our representatives by visiting our Contact Us page.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row us_custom_f1ff9891 height_medium\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_flex valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2><span style=\"color: #3aaa35;\">Performance Variables<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>Available Heat \/ Thermal Power<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Available thermal power is the raet of BTUs\/hr or kWth that is continuously produced by the waste heat source and available to be consumed by ElectraTherm&#8217;s ORC power generation systems. The more available heat the more electrical output there is.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Flow Rate<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>While the heat generated available for conversion plays a large role in system performance, the flow rate of the heat source plays an equally large role. A higher flow rate increasing the thermal energy provided to the ORC. A lower-temperature heat source with a high flow rate can achieve maximum output and vice versa for heat sources with lower flow rates.<\/p>\n<p><strong>System Delta T<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Site conditions such as system delta T (which is affected by ambient air temperature and the temperature differential between the heating and cooling water) also affects ORC performance.<\/p>\n<p>System delta T is the \u0394T temperature differential between the hot source and condensing source, and is also the primary driving force behind increased efficiency in ORC systems. The temperature ranges for TH\u00a0and TC\u00a0that low grade heat ORC systems typically operate in will dictate lower efficiencies than high grade heat ORC systems because of the higher heat source temperature TH.\u00a0The Power+ system is limited by delta T temperature because of the physical properties of liquid water.<\/p>\n<p>The ORC system&#8217;s location influences the ambient air temperature conditions. In locations with hot climates, such as Africa and the Equator, net power output will be lower than net power outputs produced by machines that are installed in cold climate locations, such as Northern Europe, even at the same hot water input temperature. This discrepancy is due to a lower system delta T (difference between the hot water input and condensing temperature) in hot climates versus that in cold climates.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-image align_center\"><div class=\"w-image-h\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"382\" src=\"https:\/\/electratherm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/ScalableAsset-1ROIsd.png\" class=\"attachment-us_700_0 size-us_700_0\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/electratherm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/ScalableAsset-1ROIsd.png 2294w, https:\/\/electratherm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/ScalableAsset-1ROIsd-300x164.png 300w, https:\/\/electratherm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/ScalableAsset-1ROIsd-1024x559.png 1024w, https:\/\/electratherm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/ScalableAsset-1ROIsd-80x44.png 80w, https:\/\/electratherm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/ScalableAsset-1ROIsd-600x328.png 600w, https:\/\/electratherm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/ScalableAsset-1ROIsd-200x109.png 200w, https:\/\/electratherm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/ScalableAsset-1ROIsd-150x82.png 150w, https:\/\/electratherm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/ScalableAsset-1ROIsd-450x246.png 450w, https:\/\/electratherm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/ScalableAsset-1ROIsd-18x10.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p><strong>Heat Engine Example<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>A heat engine is a simple engine that converts thermal heat into mechanical work. A heat engine operates by extracting heat from a hot reservoir and moving it over to a cold reservoir, generating work in the process.<\/p>\n<p>In order to maximize the amount of work a heat engine can produce, the temperature of the hot reservoir needs to be increased as much as possible, whereas the temperature of the cold reservoir needs to be reduced.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_medium\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_flex valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner us_custom_6329cae9\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"g-cols wpb_row us_custom_1fbb61ac via_flex valign_middle type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-4 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner us_custom_dad4fece\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_8a3c403a\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2 style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">Domande?<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_col-sm-4 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_8d5aa4e2\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">Contact us for a conversation about your unique project needs.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-btn-wrapper align_center\"><a class=\"w-btn us-btn-style_4 us_custom_3a4d6590\" href=\"https:\/\/electratherm.com\/it\/contact\/\"><span class=\"w-btn-label\">Contatto<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_col-sm-4 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_8d5aa4e2\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">Use our project evaluation form to jump start the estimating process.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-btn-wrapper align_center\"><a class=\"w-btn us-btn-style_4 us_custom_e0903bfa\" href=\"https:\/\/electratherm.com\/it\/pef\/\"><span class=\"w-btn-label\">Modulo di valutazione del progetto<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) Basics Organic Rankine Cycle The Rankine cycle is a thermodynamic cycle widely used by power plants to convert water into steam, then expanding that steam through a turbine to produce mechanical work. The Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is a refinement of this technology, using an organic working fluid in place of...","protected":false},"author":75,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-8980","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Organic Rankine Cycle Basics - ElectraTherm<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/electratherm.com\/it\/organic-rankine-cycle-basics\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"it_IT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Organic Rankine Cycle Basics - ElectraTherm\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/electratherm.com\/it\/organic-rankine-cycle-basics\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"ElectraTherm\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-05-13T20:05:14+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Tempo di lettura stimato\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"6 minuti\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/electratherm.com\/organic-rankine-cycle-basics\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/electratherm.com\/organic-rankine-cycle-basics\/\",\"name\":\"Organic Rankine Cycle Basics - 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